Motivation: I. Temporal Dynamics of Afe
f ct,” Psychological Review 81, no. 2 (1974).
11
Функциональная магнитно-резонансная томография измеряет изменение в токе крови, вызванное нейронной активностью головного и спинного мозга.
12
B. P. Acevedo et al., “Neural Correlates of Long-Term Intense Romantic Love,” Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7, no. 2 (2012): 145– 59, doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsq092.
13
Пластичностью нейрофизиологи называют способность мозга к структурному и функциональному изменению. Хотя изменения возможны всегда (то есть мозг сохраняет некоторую пластичность до самой смерти), они особенно ярко проявляются в периоды бурного развития, до возраста около 25 лет. – Примеч. авт.
14
Работа Макниша была впервые опубликована в 1827 году и сразу же стала настоящим бестселлером; так что спустя десяток переизданий, в 1859 году, Макниш даже выпустил переработанную и дополненную версию (включающую и процитированный отрывок). Robert Macnish, The Anatomy of Drunkenness (Glasgow: W. R. McPhun, 1859).
15
Джерри скончался от сердечного приступа в клинике, где проходил лечение от наркозависимости. – Примеч. авт.
16
Перевод Бориса Пастернака.
17
Никель – монета в пять центов и, соответственно, «пять баксов» (ср. по-русски «три рубля» в смысле «три тысячи»). Дальнейший перенос значения окончательно (в узких кругах) закрепил за «никелем» конкретный покупаемый на пятерку вес (чаще всего травки).
18
Miles Herkenham et al., “Cannabinoid Receptor Localization in Brain,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 87, no. 5 (1990).
19
Downregulation of CB1 receptors following chronic exposure to drugs that activate THC binding sites has been well established by many studies including, for example, those by Christopher S. Breivogel et al., “Chronic Delta9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Treatment Produces a TimeDependent Loss of Cannabinoid Receptors and Cannabinoid Receptor Activated G Proteins in Rat Brain,” Journal of Neurochemistry 73, no. 6 (1999); Laura J. Sim-Selley and Billy R. Martin, “Efef ct of Chronic Administration of R-(+)-[2,3-Dihydro-5-methyl-3-[(morpholinyl) methyl]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazinyl]-(1-naphthalenyl) methanone Mesylate (WIN55,212–2) or Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol on Cannabinoid Receptor Adaptation in Mice,” Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 303, no. 1 (2002); João Villares, “Chronic Use of Marijuana Decreases Cannabinoid Receptor Binding and mRNA Expression in the Human Brain,” Neuroscience 145, no. 1 (2007); Victoria Dalton and Katerina Zavitsanou, “Cannabinoid Efef cts on CB1 Receptor Density in the Adolescent Brain: An Autoradiographic Study Using the Synthetic Cannabinoid HU210,” Synapse 64, no. 11 (2010); Jussi Hirvonen et al., “Reversible and Regionally Selective Downregulation of Brain Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors in Chronic Daily Cannabis Smokers,” Molecular Psychiatry 17, no. 6 (2012).
20
David Livingstone, “A Popular Account of Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa” (London: John Murray, 1861).
21
Eric Wiertelak, Steven Maier, and Linda Watkins, “Cholecystokinin Antianalgesia: Safety Cues Abolish Morphine Analgesia,” Science 256, no. 5058 (1992). Глава 5
22
Степень «доктора философии» (Philosophiæ Doctor); присуждается во всех областях наук.
23
Frederick Marryat, Second Series of a Diary in America, with Remarks on Its Institutions (Philadelphia: T.K. & P.G. Collins, 1840).
24
Carol Prescott and Kenneth Kendler, “Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Alcohol Abuse and Dependence in a Population-Based Sample of Male Twins,” American Journal of Psychiatry 156, no. 1 (1999).
25
Marc A. Schuckit, Donald A. Goodwin, and George Winokur, “A Study of Alcoholism in Half Siblings,” American Journal of Psychiatry 128, no. 9 (1972).
26
Marc A. Schuckit, Donald A. Goodwin, and George Winokur, “A Study of Alcoholism in Half Siblings,” American Journal of Psychiatry 128, no. 9 (1972).
27
C. Gianoulakis, D. Béliveau, D. Angelogianni, M. Meaney, J. Thavundayil, V. Tawar, M. Dumas, “Difef rent Pituitary Beta-Endorphin and Adrenal Cortisol Response to Ethanol in Individuals With High and Low Risk for Future Development of Alcoholism,” Life Sentences 45 (1989): 1097–1109.
28
Janice C. Froehlich et al., “Analysis of Heritability of Hormonal Responses to Alcohol in Twins: Beta-endorphin as a Potential Biomarker of Genetic Risk for Alcoholism,” Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 24, no. 3 (2000).
29
Старинная английская баллада, на мотив которой Роберт Бёрнс написал стихотворение, известное в переводе Маршака. Джон – метафора пива и виски.
30
A. M. Wood et al., “Risk Thresholds for Alcohol Consumption: Combined Analysis of Individual-Participant Data for 599,912 Current Drinkers in 83 Prospective Studies,” Lancet 391 (2018: 1513–1523.
31
Bridget F. Grant, “Age at Smoking Onset and Its Association with Alcohol Consumption and DSM-IV Alcohol Abuse and Dependence: Results from the National Longitudinal Alcohol Epidemiological Survey,” Journal of Substance Abuse 10, no. 1 (1998); Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, “Reports and Detailed Tables from the 2016 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH),” Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Rockville, Md.
32
World Health Organization, Global Status Report on Alcohol and Health, 2014, accessed Aug. 6, 2018, www.who.int.
33
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Ofifce of the Surgeon General, Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon General’s Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2016), accessed March 5, 2018, www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Глава 6
34
Eve Bargmann, Sidney M. Wolfe, and Joan Levin, Stopping Valium, and Ativan, Centrax, Dalmane, Librium, Paxipam, Restoril, Serax, Tranxene, Xanax (New York: Warner Books, 1983).
35
Francisco López-Muñoz, Ronaldo Ucha-Udabe, and Cecilio Alamo, “The History of Barbiturates a Century After Their Clinical Introduction,” Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 1, no. 4 (2005).
36
Han Chow Chua and Mary Chebib, “GABAA Receptors and the Diversity in Their Structure and Pharmacology,” Advances in Pharmacology 79 (May 2017), doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2017.03.003.
