12. Froude, II, 240.

13. Gasquet. II, 82.

14. Ibid., I, 408-9.

15. Froude, II, 56.

16. Gasquet, I, 363; II, 33, 323.

17. Ibid., II, 386-7, 438.

18. Hughes, I, 328.

19. Gasquet, II, 447-8.

20. Traill, III, 129.

21. Salzman, English Industries, 232; Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 467.

22. Lecky, Rationalism, II, 126; Ashley, II, 316; Trevelyan, Social Hy, 112.

23. Traill, III, 128.

24. D’Alton, E. A., Hy of Ireland, II, 382-7; Joyce, Short Hy of Ireland, 317-20.

25. D’Alton, 530 f.; Froude, Henry VIII, III, 166.

26. Pollard, 438.

27. Froude, III, 280.

28. Pocock in English Historical Review, Vol. X, p. 421.

29. Froude, III, 280.

30. Id., II, 363.

31. III, 23-4; Pollard, 390-1.

32. Lingard, V, 73-4; Pollard, 400; Froude, III, 104.

33. Froude, Edward VI, 68.

34. Ashley, II, 351.

35. Froude, Edward VI, 69.

36. Froude, Henry VIII, I, 525; II, 137; Traill, III, 250; Marx, Capital, I, 806.

37. Trevelyan, Social Hy, 137,

38. Froude, Henry VIII, I, 16n.

39. Rogers, J., Six Centuries of Work and Wages, 78.

40. Hughes, I, 29.

41. Traill, III, 127.

42. Hughes, I, 159.

43. Lingard, V, 61.

44. Pollard, 403.

45. Lingard, V, 76.

46. Lees-Milne, Tudor Renaissance, 21.

47. Froude, Henry VIII, III, 281-2,

48. Ibid., 402-6.

49. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 459; Traill, iii, 65.

50. In Coulton, Medieval Village, who disagrees. Cf. Froude, Henry VIII, I, 43.

51. Rogers, 79 f.

CHAPTER XXVI

1. Stow’s Chronicle, in Froude, Edward VI, 21.

2. Ibid., 34.

3. Hughes, II, 162; Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 490-1.

4. Rogers, 89.

5. Froude, Edward, 165.

6. Ibid., 183; Prescott, Mary Tudor, 25.

7. Hughes, II, 192-3.

8. Robertson, Freethought, I, 459.

9. Froude, Edward, 98-101-

10. Ibid., 163.

11. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 502,

12. Froude, Edward, 156.

13. Ibid., 278,

14. Ibid,

15. 163.

16. 176; Lingard, V, 22S,

17. Froude, 176.

18. Ibid., 209.

19. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 301.

20. Froude, 226.

21. Cf. Prescott, Mary Tudor, 17.

22. En. Brit., XIV, 1001.

23. Chapuys in Prescott, 50, 54.

24. Ibid.

25. En. Brit., XIV, 1000b.

26. Prescott, 122.

27. Ibid., 209.

28. Pastor, XIV, 399.

29. Froude, Mary Tudor, 44.

30. Prescott, 191-2.

31. Ibid., 194.

32. 196.

33. Froude, Mary Tudor, 66.

34. Hughes, I, 18.

35. Froude, 56.

36. Ibid., 50.

37. 56.

38. Prescott, 285.

39. Ibid., 247.

40. 266.

41. 284.

42. 315.

43. Froude, 325.

44. Prescott, 325.

45. Lingard, V, 230.

46. Prescott, 206.

47. Ibid., 302.

48. 304.

49. Pastor, XIV, 360.

50. Froude, 119.

51. Prescott, 307.

52. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 543.

53. Froude, no.

54. Prescott, 311.

55. Foxe, Acts and Monuments, I, 231 f.; Maitland, S. R., Essays on the Reformation, 409; Smith, Reformation, 586; Lee, Sidney, Dictionary of National Bioggraphy, XX, 146.

56. Hughes, II, 258-9.

57. Froude, Mary Tudor, 199.

58. Lingard, V, 231.

59. Pastor, XIV, 370.

60. Froude, 202.

61. Ibid., 233.

62. Foxe, VIII, 82 3.

63. Ibid., 88.

64. 90.

65. Froude, 235.

66. Beard, Reformation, 182.

67. Hughes, II, 198.

68. Hume, Spain: Its Greatness and Decay, 117.

69. Prescott, 332.

70. Ibid., 381.

71. 390.

CHAPTER XXVII

1. Cf. Buckle, Hy of Civilization, II, ch.ii.

2. Ibid., I, 150; Belloc, How the Reformation Happened, 188.

3. Ibid., 189.

4. Lang, Hy of Scotland, I, 425.

5. Froude, Elizabeth, I, 73.

6. Knox, Hy of the Reformation, Introd, by W. C. Dickinson, xvii.

7. Lang, I, 300.

8. Ibid., 476.

9. Froude, Henry VIII, III, 298.

10. Ibid., 295, 300.

11. Knox, History, I, 76.

12. Ibid., 78.

13. 8.

14. 55.

15. Lang, I, 484.

16. Knox, I, 84-5.

17. Muir, Knox, 119.

18. Ibid., 133.

19. 120.

20. 202.

21. Froude, Elizabeth, I, 257.

22. Allen, Political Thought, no.

23. Knox, History, Introd., lxxiii; Muir, 67.

24. Knox, I, 194 and note 2.

25. Knox, Introd., xlv; cf. Muir, 300.

26. Muir, 157.

27. Lang, II, 37.

28. Knox, II, 18.

29. Ibid., 4.

30. I, 6.

31. Knox, Introd., xli.

32. Ibid., xxxix.

33. Knox, Works, IV, 365, 373-7.

34. Ibid., 418-20.

35. Knox, Book of Discipline, in Allen, Political Thought, 113n.

36. Ibid., 113; Lecky, Rationalism, II, 16.

37. Knox, Introd., xlii, and Allen, 113.

38. In Muir, 142.

39. Ibid., 148-9.

40. Lang, II, 45.

41. Knox, I, 161-2.

42. Ibid.

43. 163.

44. Lang, II, 51-3.

45. Knox, I, 164.

46. Ibid., 171-2.

47. 182; Lang, II, 54-5.

48. Knox, I, 191.

49. Knox, II, Appendix VI.

CHAPTER XXVIII

1. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 602; En. Brit., VII, 210a.

2. Watson, P. B., Swedish Revolution under Gustavus Vasa, 123.

3. Ibid., 162.

4. 169.

5. Horn, Literature of the Scandinavian North, 147.

6. In Lednicki, Life and Culture of Poland, 107.

7. Kesten, Copernicus, 144.

8. Camb. Hy of Poland, I, 322-4.

9. Ibid., 329.

10. Lützow, Bohemia, 206n.

11. Tawney, 75.

12. Blok, II, 331.

13. Camb. Mod. Hy, II, 63; Taine, Lectures on Art, 272.

14. Pirenne, H., Belgian Democracy, 218.

15. Motley, J. L., Rise of the Dutch Republic, I, 101.

16. Smith, Reformation, 240.

17. Blok, II, 314.

18. In Kautsky, 283.

19. Smith, 244.

20. Kautsky, 285 f.; Ranke, 75 f.

21. Motley, I, 222-5.

22. Smith, 245.

23. Draper, J. W., Intellectual Development of Europe, II, 226.

24. Smith, 245.

25. Armstrong, Charles V, II, 382-3; Robertson, Charles V, II, 137; Michelet, III, 293.

26. Ibid., 363.

27. 349.

28. Robinson, Readings, 317-9.

29. Altamira, Hy of Spanish Civilization, 135.

30. Hume, Spanish People, 222-3.

31. Vernadsky, G., Kievan Russia, 243,

32. Wilkins, Spanish Protestantism in the 16th Century, 19.

33. Lea, Inquisition in Spain, IV, 8-12.

34. Wilkins, 26; Camb. Mod. Hy, 1,403.

35. Lea, IV, 431-8.

36. Ibid., 441.

37. Prescott, W. H. in Robertson, Charles V, II, 648.

CHAPTER XXIX

1. Waliszewski, Ivan the Terrible, 95.

2. Rambaud, Hy of Russia, I, 286.

3.